Chittorgarh Fort – History, Timings & Ticket Price
Standing regally on top of a hill in Rajasthan, Chittorgarh Fort is a timeless symbol of Rajput bravery, self-sacrifice, and pride. It occupies more than 700 acres and is the biggest fort in India and a UNESCO World Heritage site with tales of heroism immortalized in stone. From the legendary tale of Rani Padmini’s jauhar to the victories of Rana Kumbha, the fort echoes the indomitable spirit of those who once walked in its expansive courtyards. More than just a historical monument, Chittorgarh Fort is a living testament to a glorious past that continues to inspire generations. Chittorgarh Fort History The Chittorgarh Fort’s history is over 7 centuries. People think that Chitrangada Mori, one of the kings of the Maurya dynasty, built the fort that takes its name from him. The fort ultimately became the kingdom of Mewar’s capital, a renowned Rajput kingdom famous for its warrior spirit and a fierce sense of independence. By the 8th century, Chittorgarh had become a prominent center of Rajput power under the Guhila (subsequently known as Sisodia) dynasty. It was during their rule that the fort experienced vast architectural and cultural growth. First Attack—Alauddin Khilji (1303) The first big attack on Chittorgarh occurred in 1303. The attacker was Alauddin Khilji, the strong Delhi ruler. He had listened to tales about how beautiful Rani Padmini was, who was the queen of Chittorgarh. He attacked the fort to obtain her. After surrounding the fort, he employed tricks to see Rani Padmini. This caused a terrible war. When it was realized that the Rajputs were not going to win, Rani Padmini and several other women decided to perform Jauhar — they threw themselves into the fire to preserve their honor. Meanwhile, the Rajput men dressed in saffron robes and fought bravely until they died. Although they lost the fort, they etched the bravery of the people into history forever. Second Attack—Bahadur Shah of Gujarat (1535) The second siege was in the year 1535, during which Bahadur Shah, Sultan of Gujarat, invaded Chittorgarh. The Rajputs battled with immense courage, yet the enemy had powerful weapons and numerous forces. Ultimately, the fort could not be defended. Similarly, the women of the fort, headed by Rani Karnavati, did Jauhar — thousands of women and children sacrificed their lives in flames. The Rajput warriors ventured out and fought until their deaths. This assault severely destroyed the fort, but its sense of heroism lived on. Third Attack—Akbar (1567–1568) The third and largest attack occurred in 1567 when the Mughal emperor Akbar decided to seize Chittorgarh. He came with a massive force and surrounded the fort. The battle raged for several months. At last, Akbar’s army broke the defenses of the fort. Following this defeat, the royal dynasty chose to shift their capital to Udaipur. Though they lost the fort, the Mewar Rajputs upheld their pride and continued to fight for their independence. These three fights made Chittorgarh renowned throughout India as a city of honor, sacrifice, and courage. It is remembered today as one of the greatest symbols of Rajput valor. Architecture of Chittorgarh Fort Chittorgarh Fort not only acts as a historical battlefield but also showcases a work of art of ancient Indian architecture. Constructed over a vast 700-acre area and standing high atop a steep 180-meter-high hill, the fort is a magnificent work of Rajput war architecture with artistic and religious sensibilities. Each of the structures within the fort narrates a tale of bravery, faith, and wonderful craftsmanship. Layout and Design The fort is roughly fish-shaped when viewed from the top. It is approximately 5 kilometers in length and 1 kilometer in breadth. Ringed by high stone walls with a perimeter of close to 13 kilometers, Chittorgarh was built for protection, survival, and stamina against sieges. There are seven huge gates (Pols) that acted both as gateways and protective walls: Builders construct every gate using giant iron spikes to prevent elephant charges, and some of them even display remarks from battles ages ago. Within the fort, the ground slopes and dips naturally, providing it with several levels of defense. Meandering pathways render it more difficult for invaders to strike quickly. Water Management One of the greatest marvels of Chittorgarh’s architecture is its sophisticated system of water management. The fort has 84 bodies of water, such as lakes, wells, and stepwells (baoris), although only around 22 survive today. The most renowned among them is the Gaumukh Kund, a deep tank supplied by a natural spring issuing out of a rock resembling a cow’s mouth (“gaumukh”). The system provided water to the fort even during extended sieges. Artistic Style A Living Symbol Now, although large parts of Chittorgarh Fort stand in ruin, its architectural beauty still entrances the tourists. The combination of utility (for protection) and aesthetics (for dwelling and worship) places it among the finest works of Rajput architecture. It is not only a monument but a living representative of the culture, ethos, and artistic excellence of Rajasthan. Major Attractions Inside the Fort 1. Vijay Stambh (victory tower Chittorgarh) The Vijay Stambh, or victory tower, Chittorgarh, is one of the most memorable landmarks of the Chittorgarh Fort. Constructed in 1448 AD by Maharana Kumbha, it was erected to celebrate his glorious victory against Mahmud Khilji of Malwa. Rising majestically to an approximate height of 37 meters, this nine-story tower is a culmination of Rajput architecture and handicraft. Climbing a small spiral staircase comprising 157 stairs, one enters the top portion, which enjoys panoramic views of the fort complex and the entire landscape. 2. Kirti Stambh Chittorgarh (Tower of Fame) The Kirti Stambh Chittorgarh, or Fame Tower, is a 22-meter-tall Jain monument in Chittorgarh Fort dedicated to Adinath, the first Tirthankara of the Jains. A Jain merchant built the tower in the 12th century. It features carvings with great detailing of Jain deities and motifs. While shorter than Vijay Stambh, it is an important religious structure and presents rich Jain architecture in the area. 3. Rana Kumbha Palace Rana Kumbha
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